Tire.



S. Z. DE PERRANTI.'

TIRE.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 2.1908,

969350., Patented Apr. 25, 1911.

Tigj'.

SEBASTIAN Ar/:IaN'r @s FERRANTE. u0F GmNnLEronn, ENGLAND.

man

Application filed May 2, 1908. Serial'No. 430,587.

To all whom it may/concern: v

Be it known that l, SEBASTIAN ZIANI DE FERRANTI, a subject of the King of Great Britain and Ireland, and residing at Grindleford, in the county of Derby, England, have invented a certain new and useful Tire, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to tires, and has for' its object to provide an improved form of l0 tire which is especially suitable for withstanding excessive wear and tear.

`My invention consists in the improved combinations of vparts to be hereinafter described and claimed.

Referring now to the accompanying drawings which illustrate my invention and form part of my specification, Figures l and 2 show a cross-sectionand elevation respectively of part of a tire constructed according to my invention. Fig. 3 shows a cross-sectional elevation of a tire of a somewhat modified form to that shown in Figs. l and- 2. Fig. 4 shows cross-sectional elevation of another modification in which the former members are arranged circumferentially. Fig. 5

shows a cross-sectional elevation of a tire which is built up on cord-like elements.

In carrying my invention into effect according to one form, I construct the tire by looping pile-like elements around suitable former elements, the pile-like elements being formed of individual filaments twisted, plaited, woven, or otherwise stranded toether or combined in the form of cords,

` ribbons or tapes. The fibers may be of cotton, artificial silk, .cellulose or othermate-y rial, and may be combined with .wires if desired, the whole being then vulcanized into a homogeneous mass. If Wire is used, it should be chemically cleaned before being incorporated with the rubber whereas to secure a thorough impregnation of any fibrous material employed and consequently a better adherence of the rubber, the fibrous material should preferably be first treated to free it from moisture, olls, fats and so forth. Finally, as much as possible of the air in and between the fibers should be removed by a vacuum treatment, and the rubber impregnation be completed under pressure.

I wish to emphasize the fact that I regard 'the preliminary treatment of the fibers as ,indicated, to'be essential to success, as otherwise it appears impossible to obtain proper adherence between the fibrous material and the rubber, Whether the fibrous material be formed of filamentous elements arranged at Speccation of Letters Patent. Patqgntdl Apu', 25 1911,

right angles tothe tread, or whether the material he formed of textile fabric on Y edge. ln other Words, it is necessary to impregnate or cover the pile elements with rubber before building them up into the pile.

` By such preliminary process l obtain a very great strength across the grain either in one or two dimensions as the case may be, so that the final materialhas all the wearing properties of fiber on edge together with the strength to resist cutting and puncture, equal to that of the best solid rubber. I shall now describe the examples of tire which I have illustrated in the accompanying drawings, and which I Wish to be regarded as typical examples of my invention, without limitation of the same. rlhus, ac-` cording to the forms illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2, former members, o, may be arranged transversely as regards the tire, p, their projecting/ends being received and clamped by side pieces, @secured by bolts, r, to the rim, s, of the tires or in some cases as illustrated in Fig. 3, the formers, n, may act as bolts, the sid e clamps engaging with projections on the rim.

According to a modification the formers, n, Fig. 4, may be arranged circumferentially instead of transversely, and of .lesser circumference than, the side clamps, g, which by compression retain thel former and elements in position bein arranged as shown, While in other cases t e'formers may be arranged obliquely and the side clamp `arranged to correspond. These former structures described are also useful when the structure is not strictly a pile but only a semi-pile or pile-like structure such as wouldy be given by looping tapes or cords, u, Fig. 5, around the formers, o. Where necessaryf'lmay use lling pieces, fv, to compen sate for the thickness of the formers,v such filling pieces being preferably formed of a fabric or structure in which all the threads run in one direction, and I may similarly provide a suitable shaped base on which to bed the curved backs of the former or other groups of pile elements.

I wish it tof be understood that the above examples of my invention are simply to bc regarded as typical and not in any way limiting the scope ofthe same, as it will be evident that many modifications may be made by those skilled in the art without departing beyond the scope of my invention eo f I claiml. In combination, a wheel-rim, outwardlyA extending .flanges on saidy rim, a pluralit-y of former members secured in position by said iianges together with a plurality of' filamentous elements each Alooped around a former member to, extend radially from the rim center, said filamentous elements being vulcanized together to form a homogeneous mass.

2. In combination, a wheel rim, a plurality of former melnbers arranged around the circumference of'said rim, a plurality of wear-resisting elements forming the bulk of the tire looped around said former members to extend radially from the wheel rim c iter, together with va plurality of -filling pieces oppositely disposed to said former members.

3. In combination, a wheel rim, outwardly extending fianges on said rim, Aa plurality of former members clamped between said flanges and acting as bolts for same, together with a plurality of filamentous eleing looped around said supporting means' to extend outwardly from said rim, as set forth.

5. In combination, a ilamentous tire tread and tire treadsupporting means, the lilamentous tread elements being vulcanized together. to form a homogeneous mass and looped around said supporting means, as set forth. y

In testimony whereof, I aflix my 'signature in presence of two witnesses.

SEBASTIAN ZIANI DE FERRANTI.

Witnesses:

WILLIAM DUNCAN DAvlDsoN, FRED BLACKBURN. 

